Chondichitikira changa ndi zododometsa
Titafunsa Ahmed za zomwe adakumana nazo ndi zododometsa, adatiuza kuti akuvutika kugwira ntchito komanso kuphunzira.
Nthawi zonse ankaona kuti ndi wosokonekera ndipo sankatha kumaliza ntchito bwinobwino.
Anasiya kuganizira momasuka ndiponso ankakhumudwa akamaganiza mwadongosolo.
Ahmed sanafune kugonja ku zododometsa.
Chifukwa chake, Ahmed adaganiza zoyesa njira ndi njira zomwe zimakulitsa chidwi ndikuwongolera chidwi.
Ahmed anayamba kupanga ndondomeko yomwe imatchula nthawi yake yogwira ntchito komanso nthawi yopuma.
Anatengera njira yobwerezabwereza kuti agwirizanitse mfundozo m’chikumbukiro chake.
Kuphatikiza apo, Ahmed adayamba kuchita kusinkhasinkha ndi yoga kwanthawi yochepa tsiku lililonse.
Anaona kuti njira zimenezi zinamuthandiza kumasuka komanso kukhazika mtima pansi.
Komanso, amagawa ntchito zazikulu kukhala zazing'ono, zotheka kuchita.
Lingaliroli limamupangitsa kuti azingoyang'ana pazantchito zazing'ono popanda kusokonezedwa.
Pambuyo pa nthawi yophunzitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi nthawi zonse, Ahmed adawona kusintha kwakukulu pa luso lake lokhazikika.
Amatha kumaliza ntchito zake bwino ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ake pantchito ndi maphunziro.
Ahmed anaonanso kuwonjezeka kwa kudzidalira ndi chiyembekezo chamtsogolo.
Izi ndizopambana kwambiri kwa Ahmed ndi zomwe adakumana nazo ndi zosokoneza.
Amawonetsa aliyense kuti ngati akufuna kumenya nkhondo ndikuchiritsa, amatha kuthana ndi vuto lililonse.
Tikukhulupirira kuti zomwe Ahmed adakumana nazo zilimbikitsanso ena omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi ndikudziwitsa anthu za matendawa komanso momwe angathanirane nawo.
Zambiri za ADHD
Limodzi mwamavuto omwe anthu amakumana nawo, makamaka ana ndi achinyamata, ndizovuta kwambiri komanso kuperewera kwa chidwi.
Mikhalidwe iwiriyi ndizovuta zamaganizo zomwe zimakhala zovuta kusunga chidwi ndi kukonza kayendetsedwe kake.
Odwala amatha kuvutika ndi zovuta zambiri pamoyo wawo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso kusukulu kapena kuntchito.
Kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso komanso kulephera kusamala bwino kumakhudza luso la munthu lolunjika, kuzindikira, ndi kuwongolera mayendedwe ake.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amatha kuvutika ndi kusakhazikika komanso kusowa chidwi kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kumaliza ntchito zomwe amafunikira.
Akhozanso kunyalanyaza malangizo kapena kulephera kuzindikira zambiri.
Ngakhale kuti zomwe zimayambitsa ADHD sizikudziwikabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zingathandize kuonjezera mwayi woti zichitike.
Zina mwa zinthu zimenezi ndi mmene majini, chilengedwe, ndiponso maganizo.
Zizindikiro zomwe zimatha kutsagana ndi ADHD zimaphatikizapo kuchita zinthu mopupuluma, kulephera kukhazikika, kutayika kwa chidwi, kusuntha monyanyira komanso kosalongosoka, kusowa kuleza mtima, kusokonezeka, kuyiwala, kuvutika ndi dongosolo ndi kugwirizanitsa, ndi zina.
Kuchiza kwa ADHD kungakhale mwa kuloŵerera m’makhalidwe, malangizo aumwini, ndi kusintha khalidwe.
Mutha kulangizidwa kukaonana ndi akatswiri amisala kuti mupeze matenda olondola komanso chithandizo choyenera.
Kukhala wotanganidwa kwambiri ndi zododometsa kungakhale kuwonjezera pa zovuta ndi zovuta.
Mwachitsanzo, akatswiri ambiri ochita bwino, amalonda ndi akatswiri amavutika ndi vutoli ndipo akwanitsa kuchita bwino kwambiri m'magawo awo.
Nthawi zambiri, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ADHD ndi ADHD ndizochiritsika komanso kuti pali njira zomwe zingathandize kuthana nazo.
Thandizo la mabanja ndi upangiri wamaganizidwe amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli ndikuwathandiza kusintha ndikuwongolera moyo wawo.
Kuzindikira kwa vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi
Matendawa ndi matenda omwe amakhudza kwambiri ana komanso akuluakulu.
Mkhalidwe wa kuperewera kwa chidwi kwa matenda a hyperactivity amadziwika kuti "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" kapena "ADHD," ndipo amadziwika ndi vuto lokhazikika komanso kusakhazikika kwagalimoto.
Ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingakhudze magwiridwe antchito onse kuntchito, kusukulu, komanso moyo wamunthu.
Zosokoneza zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa pakupambana kwamaphunziro kwa ophunzira.
Amakonda kusokonezedwa mosavuta ndipo amavutika kuti azikhala olunjika kwa nthawi yayitali.
Izi zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa kuthekera kotenga zidziwitso ndikumaliza ntchito zopanda pake.
Madokotala ndi akatswiri azamisala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso ophatikizana kuti azindikire ADHD.
Izi zimafuna kusanthula khalidwe ndi zizindikiro zofala za matendawa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito miyezo yodziwika padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi zina, madokotala angalimbikitse kuphatikizirapo mankhwala ochizira kuti athandizire kukhazikika bwino ndikuwongolera kayendetsedwe kake.
Komabe, mankhwala si njira yokhayo yothetsera vutoli.
Odwala akulimbikitsidwa kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kuwonjezera pa kupeza chithandizo ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa achibale ndi abwenzi.
Kuzindikira ADHD kumakhalabe nkhani yovuta yachipatala ndipo imafuna kafukufuku wambiri.
Komabe, kuzindikira kwa anthu za matendawa kukukulirakulira, kupatsa anthu okhudzidwawo mwayi wopeza chithandizo chofunikira kuti azikhala nawo ndikuzindikira pakafunika chithandizo.
mwachidule:
- Attention Deficit Disorder ndi matenda amisala omwe amakhudza ana ndi akulu.
- Kuvuta ndende ndi galimoto bata.
- Zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito onse kuntchito, kusukulu, komanso moyo wamunthu.
- Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso ophatikizana kuti azindikire.
- Njira zochiritsira zingaphatikizepo mankhwala, zakudya zopatsa thanzi, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
- Chidziwitso cha anthu za matendawa chikuwonjezeka kuthandizira kukhala nawo ndi chithandizo choyenera.
Kodi ndingatani ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi zododometsa?
Mukakhala ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi, zimakhala zovuta kuthana nazo poyamba.
Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muzitha kulankhulana bwino ndi mwana wanu komanso kuyendetsa bwino khalidwe lake.
Nawa maupangiri omwe angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto la chidwi chosowa chidwi:
- Kuzindikira vutoli: Musanachitepo kanthu, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino mavuto omwe mwana yemwe ali ndi vuto losazindikira amakumana nawo.
Lankhulani ndi dokotala wa ana kapena katswiri wa zamaganizo kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza khalidwe la mwana wanu ndi njira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumuthandiza. - Kulankhulana mogwira mtima: Kulankhulana kosalekeza komanso momveka bwino pakati pa inu ndi mwana amene akuvutika ndi zododometsa n’kofunika.
Gwiritsirani ntchito mawu osavuta, omveka bwino, ndipo yesani kumvetsetsa malingaliro ake ndi malingaliro ake.
Khalani oleza mtima ndipo yesetsani kuyankha zopempha kapena mafunso ake. - Kukonza malo a mwanayo: Ndi bwino kulinganiza malo a mwanayo m’njira yomuthandiza kuika maganizo ake ndi kutchera khutu.
Sungani malo ozungulira opanda zododometsa, ndipo perekani malo abata ndi omasuka powerengera ndi kusewera. - Pangani ndandanda: Pangani ndondomeko yomwe ikufotokoza zochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku za mwana ndi ntchito zake.
Ndandanda ingathandize kutsogolera mwanayo ndi kumuphunzitsa dongosolo ndi dongosolo.
Dulani ntchitozo m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono ndikumufotokozera mwanayo momveka bwino komanso momveka bwino. - Gwiritsani ntchito kufanana: Limbikitsani khalidwe labwino la mwana pogwiritsa ntchito mphotho ndi chilimbikitso.
Mutha kupereka mphotho kapena kutamanda mwana akamagwira ntchito moyenera kapena akuyang'ana kwa nthawi inayake.
Izi zimathandiza mwanayo kulimbikitsa khalidwe lake labwino ndikuwonjezera chidwi chake. - Fufuzani chithandizo cha akatswiri: Ngati simungathe kulimbana bwino ndi zododometsa za mwana, zingakhale bwino kufunafuna chithandizo kuchokera kwa akatswiri monga akatswiri a maphunziro apadera kapena psychotherapists.
Akatswiriwa atha kupereka upangiri waukatswiri ndi chitsogozo chothandizira kukonza vutoli.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa mwanayo ndipo zosowa zake payekha zilemekezedwe.
Kuchita ndi ana omwe ali ndi ADHD kungafunike kuleza mtima ndi chipiriro, koma mwa kutsatira njira yolerera bwino komanso yothandizira, mukhoza kupita patsogolo kwambiri pa khalidwe la mwana wanu ndi chitukuko.
Chithandizo chododometsa
Matenda Osazindikira, omwe amadziwika mofala ndi mawu akuti “ADHD,” afala kwambiri m’chitaganya masiku ano.
Matendawa ndi matenda aakulu a maganizo omwe amakhudza ana komanso akuluakulu.
Vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi limadziwika ndi vuto lokhazikika, kutchera khutu, ndi kuchuluka kwa zochita, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa anthu omwe akukhudzidwa nawo.
Masiku ano, pali mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandizira odwala matendawa.
Chithandizo chimodzi chodziwika bwino cha ADHD ndi mankhwala.
Madokotala amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa zochitika za kutanganidwa ndi kusokoneza.
Mankhwalawa amaphatikizanso dopamine ndi norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, zomwe zimathandizira kukulitsa chidwi cha odwala ndikuwongolera zochitika zamaganizidwe.
Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino.
Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, pali mankhwala angapo osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe angakhalenso othandiza.
Izi zikuphatikiza chithandizo chamakhalidwe ndi maphunziro, pomwe odwala amaphunzira njira zowongolera kuyang'ana komanso kudziletsa.
Kuphunzitsa mwanzeru, njira zopumula, ndi kusinkhasinkha zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuthandiza kukonza kukhazikika komanso kuchepetsa zododometsa.
Thandizo lamalingaliro ndilofunikanso pochiza ADHD.
Mabanja, abwenzi, ndi aphunzitsi a odwala ayenera kupereka chithandizo chamaganizo ndi chifundo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli.
Atha kupereka malangizo, chitsogozo ndi chilimbikitso kuti athe kudzidalira komanso kukulitsa luso la odwala.
Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD ayenera kuyesetsa kupeza chithandizo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zosowa zawo.
Ndikoyenera kukaonana ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino kuti awone momwe matendawa alili ndikupanga ndondomeko yoyenera ya chithandizo.
Kukambirana ndi madokotala ndi akatswiri kungakhale kofunikira pakuchira ndikuwongolera matendawa moyenera.
Kodi zododometsa zimachedwetsa kulankhula?
Kafukufuku watsopano akuwonetsa kuti kusokoneza kungachedwetse kulankhula.
Kupeza kosangalatsa kumeneku kumadzutsa mafunso ambiri okhudza kusokoneza maganizo pa luso loyankhulana bwino.
Phunziroli linachitidwa ndi gulu la ochita kafukufuku pa yunivesite yotchuka, kumene kuyesa kunachitika pa gulu la ophunzira.
Deta inasonkhanitsidwa poyang'anira zochitika za ubongo ndi kuyesa luso la kulankhulana.
Ophunzira omwe adakumana ndi zododometsa adapezeka kuti amatenga nthawi yayitali kuti amalize ntchito zachilankhulo.
Maluso awo olankhula pakamwa adakhudzidwanso molakwika, chifukwa sanali olondola komanso omveka bwino.
Malinga ndi ofufuza, chifukwa cha kuchedwa kulankhula ndi chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kwakukulu pa ubongo.
Pamene malingaliro asokonezedwa, kuyesayesa kwakukulu kumapangidwa kumvetsera ndi kuika maganizo, zomwe zimakhudza luso lopanga ziganizo ndi kufotokoza bwino.
Komabe, maphunziro owonjezera akufunika kuti adziwe zinthu zina zomwe zingakhudze luso la munthu lolankhulana panthawi yosokoneza.
Zamalingaliro, zachilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe cha anthu zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pankhaniyi.
Komabe, izi zikuwunikira kufunikira kwa kuyang'ana ndi chidwi kuti athe kulumikizana bwino.
Kwa anthu omwe amagwira ntchito m'magawo olankhulana kwambiri, kuchepetsa zododometsa kungakhale chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuchita bwino kwaukadaulo.
Kodi vuto la deficit deficit ndi lobadwa nalo?
Posachedwapa, nkhani yofunikira yayankhidwa yokhudza vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi komanso kuyanjana kwake ndi ma genetic factor.
Anthu ambiri amadwala matendawa, omwe amachititsa kuti azivutika kukhazikika komanso kumvetsera, ndipo amatha kukhudza kwambiri moyo wawo wa tsiku ndi tsiku.
Mutuwu wayambitsa zokambirana zambiri ndi kafukufuku, monga kale panali chikhulupiriro chakuti vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha chilengedwe.
Koma kupyolera mu maphunziro atsopano, zapezeka kuti pali minofu kumbuyo kwa khutu yomwe imathandizira kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa komanso kuti ikugwirizana ndi chibadwa.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwapa, anthu omwe ali ndi zododometsa amakhala ndi mtundu wina wa minofu iyi yotchedwa disciption muscle.
Pamene minofu imeneyi ikugwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, zimakhala zovuta kumasuka ndi kuika maganizo ake.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, pamene ali ndi vuto la chibadwa m'magazi awo omwe amachepetsa ntchito ya minofu ya chilango, amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu wokulitsa chidwi ndi chidwi.
Asayansi akugwirabe ntchito kuti amvetse bwino kugwirizana pakati pa mapangidwe a majini ndi zosokoneza.
Komabe, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti pali chikoka chodziwika bwino cha chibadwa chomwe chimathandiza kuti matendawa ayambe.
Kupeza chidziwitso chofunikira ichi kungathandize kukonza chithandizo ndi njira zothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi.
Zingatsegule chitseko cha kafukufuku wowonjezera wa zamoyo zomwe cholinga chake ndi kupanga mankhwala atsopano kapena kupeza njira zothandiza kwambiri zothanirana ndi matendawa.
Kodi kudodometsa ndi matenda amisala?
M’dziko lodzala ndi zododometsa zamakono ndi zopsinja, anthu ambiri amavutika kuika maganizo awo pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Pali chikhulupiliro chofala kuti vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi ndi vuto la umunthu, koma kodi lingakhale matenda amisala?
Matenda a Attention Deficit Disorder, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ADD, apezeka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwapa.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amawaika ngati matenda omwe amakhudza chidwi, ndende komanso dongosolo lamanjenje.
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amapezeka ali mwana, anthu ena amakhala nawo pamoyo wawo wonse.
Anthu omwe ali ndi zododometsa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lokhazikika, ndipo amavutika kukhalabe ndi ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
Amatha kukhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse kapena kutopa m'maganizo ndi thupi.
Angakhale ndi vuto lomvetsera mwatsatanetsatane, kukonza zinthu, kapena kumvetsera ena.
Zotsatira za kudodometsa zimasiyanasiyana pa anthu osiyanasiyana.
Zitha kukhudza kuthekera kwawo kolumikizana ndi anthu komanso ntchito mwadongosolo.
Si zachilendo kwa iwo kukhumudwa ndi kukhumudwa chifukwa cholephera kumaliza ntchito bwinobwino.
Kuchiza kwa vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi kumatengera kuzindikirika bwino kwa vutolo ndi zosowa za munthu.
Madokotala atha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuti athandizire kukonza chidwi ndi chidwi.
Thandizo lophatikizana, monga chithandizo cha khalidwe ndi maphunziro ndi maphunziro a galimoto, zingakhalenso zothandiza.
Simuyenera kuchita manyazi kapena kuchita manyazi mukakumana ndi zododometsa.
Ndi matenda enieni a maganizo amene angawononge kwambiri miyoyo ya anthu.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa ayenera kupempha thandizo kwa akatswiri ndikupeza chithandizo choyenera.
Nthawi zonse kumbukirani kuti ndi chithandizo choyenera ndi chithandizo choyenera, anthu omwe ali ndi ADHD akhoza kuchita bwino kwambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana a moyo wawo.
Kodi kutengeka mtima kwa ana kumatha liti?
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa akusonyeza kuti kuchita zinthu mopitirira muyeso paubwana, komwe kumatchedwanso kuti vuto la kusokonezeka maganizo, ndi vuto la minyewa limene limakhudza kakulidwe ka maganizo ndi chikhalidwe cha ana.
Vutoli limadziwika ndi vuto lokhazikika, kuwonjezeka kwa magalimoto, komanso kusakhazikika kwamalingaliro.
Tsoka ilo, palibe mankhwala omwe angapangitse kuchira komaliza kwa kuchulukitsitsa kwa ana.
Komabe, madokotala ndi akatswiri amachiza matendawa ndi njira zingapo zothandizira kuthana ndi zizindikiro komanso kusintha moyo wa mwana.
Njira imodzi yodziwika bwino yochizira kutengeka kwamphamvu kwa ana ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhazikika komanso owongolera malingaliro, monga methylphenidate.
Mankhwalawa amathandizira kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka anthu.
Kuphatikiza pa chithandizo chamankhwala, madokotala amalangiza kuti achitepo kanthu kuti apititse patsogolo khalidwe ndi khalidwe la mwanayo.
Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwira ntchito ndi aphunzitsi ndi makolo kuphunzitsa ana luso la kugwiritsira ntchito nthawi, kudzipangira okha, ndi kukonza zochitika.
Zimalimbikitsidwanso kuti pakhale malo opanda phokoso kuti mwanayo athandize kulimbikitsa chidwi ndi chidwi.
Ngakhale palibe mankhwala otsimikizika a ana omwe ali ndi vutoli, kafukufuku ndi zomwe zikuchitika pankhaniyi zimathandizira kukonza mkhalidwe wa ana omwe ali ndi vutoli.
Ndi chitukuko cha chidziwitso chochuluka ndi kupereka chithandizo choyenera, ana omwe ali ndi vutoli akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wabwino ndikukwaniritsa zomwe angathe.
Kodi kusokoneza ndi chizindikiro cha autism?
Kafukufuku wokhudza kuopsa kwa kusokonezedwa ndi chidwi ndi chidwi paubwana akuyamba kusintha pa thanzi la ana, ndipo kafukufuku waposachedwapa amasonyeza kuti vutoli likhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimapezeka mu autism spectrum disorder.
Kafukufukuyu, yemwe adasindikizidwa posachedwa mu Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, adawonetsa kuti pali ubale wabwino pakati pa zovuta zododometsa ndi chidwi zomwe zimawonekera muubwana waubwana ndi vuto la autism spectrum.
Ngakhale kuti pali kusiyana kwa majini komwe kumayambitsa matendawa, kutayika kwa chidwi ndi chidwi kungapangitse mwayi wake kuti uchitike.
Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti ana omwe ali ndi vuto la kukhazikika komanso chidwi ali aang'ono akhoza kukhala ndi chiopsezo chowirikiza chokhala ndi autism.
Ofufuzawa adasanthula zambiri kuchokera ku gulu lalikulu la ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum komanso opanda vuto, omwe analinso ndi zizindikiro za kusokonezeka maganizo ndi kusamala.
Zotsatira zake, kafukufukuyu adatsimikiza kuti machitidwe oyambilira azovuta komanso zovuta za chidwi zitha kukhala chizindikiro choyambirira cha kuthekera koyambitsa matenda a autism kwa ana.
Ofufuza akukhulupirira kuti kuphunzira za ubalewu kungathandize kupanga zida zowunikira msanga za autism spectrum disorder, zomwe zimathandizira kuyambitsa chithandizo msanga komanso kupeza zotsatira zabwino za chithandizo kwa ana.
Pamapeto pake, kafukufukuyu akutsimikizira kufunikira kozindikira msanga zamavuto amalingaliro ndi chidwi mwa ana komanso kulumikizana komwe kungatheke pakati pamavutowa ndi autism spectrum disorder.
Kuzindikira koyambirira kwa zizindikiro zoyambazi kungakhale njira yochitirapo kanthu mwamsanga ndi makonzedwe oyenera kuti akwaniritse zosowa za ana ameneŵa adakali aang’ono, motero zimathandizira kuwongolera miyoyo ya ana omwe ali ndi vuto la autism spectrum ndi kuwayeneretsa kukhala paokha. ndi moyo wogwirizana ndi anthu.
